Passagens de testemunhos na América Latina presents a critical approach of the relationship between literature and testimony in Latin América based on a comparative study of three works: Me llamo Rigoberta Menchú, by Elisabeth Burgos (Paris, 1983), Pasajes de una guerra revolucionária, by Ernesto Che Guevara (La Havana, 1962) e Nunca más, o relatório da Conadep presidido por Ernesto Sábato (Buenos-Aires, 1984). In 1969, appears in Cuba the concept of testimonio latino-americano to define a category of a literary price. This concept will quickly be used to identify a large corpus of works and the debate around them. An exclusive research of Cuban testimonio prize winners shows the lack of criteria of this award. Menchu’s book has been considered as the testimonio literature icon and the starting point for a large international debate about occidental literature canons. But its narrative only represents one peculiar type of testimony: the metonymic biography. The testimonio debate neglected the importance of the guerrilla literature inspired in Che Guevara and the discussion about post-dictatorship testimony. Based on the comparison between the three works, emerges a hypothesis: it does not exist a testimony gender but various devices that identifies certain narratives as being testimonial. This concept of device – that comes from Foucault and Agamben- helps us to open a discussion about the relation between testimony, history, biography and realism.