In the end of the 1930’s, Carmen Miranda, the singer, became a symbol of the Brazilian identity, able to set certain cultural brand to the country. As a result, the interpreter of sambas and marchinhas is recognized, even nowadays, as one of the most important names in the Brazilian folk music. The strength of the legend that had consolidated her as a national icon still imprisons the memory of the artist. Instead of starting from such established image, this dissertation aims at, therefore, analyzing its construction process in the previous years, in order to make of her path a way to discuss the configuration of an identity that intends to be national. If the legend built under the picture of the singer is the starting point of this work, understand how this trajectory happened, with the intention to perceive the wider networks of dialogue and interlocution from which it was accomplished, is the ultimate goal of this text.