Aims to investigate the representation of teachers and of schools in the Brazilian literature, through the analysis of short stories and novels from consecrated Brazilian authors published in the period comprising the end of the nineteenth century and the end of the twentieth century. The analysis is conducted taking into account Bakhtin`s concept of intertextuality and Roger Chartier`s concept of representation, verifying areas of match and mismatch between the history of education in Brazil and its literary production. For this purpose, this analysis is also confronted with other recent studies on the representations of the teaching profession in films, magazines, and children`s/youth book. Finally, professors` views are also brought into this analysis, in an attempt to complement this study.