The present dissertation was developed with the intention of providing the mathematics teacher an introduction to the study of Non Euclidean Geometry, one lacking subject in our classrooms as much as the basic education and undergraduate mathematics. In line with the National Curriculum Parameters, mathematical knowledge presented to discuss the Fifth Postulate of Euclid s Elements, and to present the discovery of new geometries are historically constructed. To be presented in more details, we choose a non Euclidean Geometry that can be easily understood and contextualized by high school students: the Taxicab Geometry. This geometry, in addition to allowing connections with other content of basic education, such geometry is a model for urban geography, offering the pupils the opportunity to their everyday issues. A suggested activity to be developed in the classroom by students who compares the concepts of taxi distance and euclidean distance and besides discussing the definition of a circle and its representation in both Euclidean Geometry as in the Taxi appears. Futhermore, some results of implementing this activity in class 3rd. year of high school the Colégio Estadual Professor Ney Cidade Palmeiro, located in Itaguaí in Rio de Janeiro, are also reported. It is intended that this work is a futher contribuition to the improvement of continuing education of teachers of primary schools in the country.