The work is presented as a contribution to the critical bibliography on Jorge Luis Borges, focusing political aspects of the author´s intellectual formation, and attributing to them a specific relevance on his literary production. At first, it consists on an exam of Borges’ poems and essays published on the 1920’s, in their associations to a romantic project for the rebirth of a local and authentic race, which had its climax with the re-election of Hipólito Yrigoyen to the presidency of Argentina in 1928. However, the failure of this experience and the process of degradation of the international politic conjuncture, during the next decade, bring a decisive inflexion in Borges’ attitude. From then on, he would profess identification to a conjugation of practices and values corresponding to the ninetieth century and to the British legacy, received by him trough the reading of various authors, G. K. Chesterton in special. Simultaneously, with the aggravation of the European crisis, his works tend to the critic and satire of utopian projects of social organization, in their French and Germanic origins, both dependent on aesthetic paradigms (the first articulating principles of the art pour l’art and the pacifist cause, the second converting expressionist habits in a program for the rebirth of Arian race). The delimitation of these three frames justifies an interpretation of the short stories written in the first half of the 1940’s, with emphasis to their parodistic strains, but also their recognition of the decline of moral, aesthetic ad political English patterns. At last, the dialog between Borges and the North-American writers is stressed, so long as he found in them the representation of a new image of the world, consolidated from 1945 on, and where he discovered the possibility of a contemporary poetics, exemplified in the mystical experience described in El Aleph.