This dissertation establishes a regressive course from the recent controver-sies about the supposed censorship of the Caçadas de Pedrinho by the National Council of Education even the first children’s stories written by the author in the 1920’s. A first part of the trajectory sketch’s the tensions and conflicts about the post morten image of Monteiro Lobato and the value (positive or negative) on the second half of the 20th century. Going back, the narrative surpasses the death of the author (1948), focus the relationship with the readers and his project for a Bra-zilian infantile literature in a contrast with contemporary writers as Adelina Lopes Vieira and Júlia Lopes de Almeida, Olavo Bilac, Coelho Neto and Manuel Bonfim, Viriato Corrêa and João do Rio. Finally, analyses in detail some of the main reformulations in the assembled stories of Reinações de Narizinho. Along the way it is noticed the absence of a consolidated literary statute for children’s books, the indistinction between school’s and children’s books, and the conflict between two different concepts of infancy: one that values the imagination and fantasy and another that conceals these aspects given the imperative of coloniza-tion of the children’s souls by civic and moral values of the adult world. At the same time, all the work subordinates a central discussion about the ways children books constitutes in instruments of social negotiations of infancy, and not only representations of the same thing.