The goal of the dissertation is to investigate the construction of narratives in the first person in contemporary Brazilian cinema, considering the criticisms made in the 1970’s against the Voice of Authority and the use of the third person, predominately in Cinema Novo - the fruit of a period in which the arts traveled in consonance with a collective and egalitarian project of the nation, confident in the importance of the role of the artist to educate the people. Starting with the hypothesis that, in the post-Military Dictatorship, between the autocracy of intellectual directors and the rise of Direct Cinema, using the direct capture of image and sound, to analyze the consequences of giving voice to other classes in current cinema. The rise of the first person in Brazilian documentary, with emphasis on the interview, provides means to comprehend the ethical debate that surrounded cinema in the first person, in the beginning of the 21st century. In the selection of the dissertation the following films were chosen for analysis: O homem que copiava (2003), by Jorge Furtado, Cidade de Deus (2002), by Fernando Meirelles and Tropa de Elite (2007), by José Padilha.