The present study aims to think about childhood and the learning processes emerging in the context of a Escola de Samba Mirim. Based on the field research conducted with children, samba apprentices, during the period of organization, production, and rehearsals for the Carnival of 2022 and 2023, the construction of this ethnography was undertaken. It is pointed out that the production time of the Carnival occurs in a specific period, for this reason the temporality of the research does not occur in a linear way, positioning to evidence the entries, the permanences and the returns to the field. Considering the non- schooling educational context in which the Samba School is configured and understanding that in our society there are different forms and places occupied by children, we aimed to broaden the reflection in the construction of an interdisciplinary study to think and research children and the learning processes of becoming a samba dancer, intertwining the knowledge of anthropology, education and samba. The central objective of the research is to understand the learning processes of the movement of becoming a sambista that emerge from the children s peer relationships and the intergenerational relationships that they establish within the investigated Escola de Samba Mirim. It reveals a possibility of looking at the children through their cultures and social practices within a specific educational context, evidencing the construction of a native pedagogy, a pedagogy proper to the Samba School. It is a process of education in constant movement, evidenced and strengthened from the relationships established between children and adults in the construction of the knowledge of a samba apprentice.