Guided by cultural models, parental beliefs function as important organizers for the repertoire of practices used by parents in their interaction with their children. With regard to emotions, studies show how such beliefs and practices can affect children s social-emotional development. In addition, research suggests that a favorable physical and social environment plays a key role in this development. In this sense, contexts made vulnerable by violence can influence cultural models, which can have repercussions on parental beliefs and children s emotional competences. Considering the context of the city of Rio de Janeiro, records from the Public Security Institute show how much the violence rates have been showing alarming numbers. Given this, this study aims to investigate the relationships between parental beliefs about emotion and children s emotional regulation in different territories of the city, considering the evaluation of safety and satisfaction in the neighborhood. To this end, 40 mothers from the city of Rio de Janeiro, with children aged between 8 and 11 years, participated in the study. Among them, 24 were inhabitants of favela territories and 16 inhabitants of non favelas. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Scale of Beliefs about Emotions, the Scale of Parental Beliefs about Emotional Competence in Children, the Satisfaction and Safety Rating Scale and the Emotional Regulation Checklist were used. The results indicated that there were no significant differences between favela and non-favela groups regarding parental beliefs and children s emotional regulation. However, mothers residing in favelas had lower means of satisfaction and safety in the neighborhood when compared to mothers not residing in favelas. Furthermore, correlations were found between the mothers beliefs about their own emotions and beliefs about the child s emotions and between the assessment of satisfaction and safety in the neighborhood and child emotion regulation. These results provide evidence on the importance of context in the development of emotional regulation and elucidate important aspects for the promotion of child emotional health.