The present work aims to analyze and criticize the main paradigms constructed and mystified by modernity, supposedly homogeneous and universally valid, but in reality, Eurocentric and local. The modern perspective, especially Cartesian, is so rooted in philosophical, political and even legal studies nowadays, it is possible to locate them in the basic assumptions of contemporary discussion of universal human rights. This discussion is now limited mostly - but not completely – by the binary relation between universalism and relativism, extremely simplistic. This work will defend the failure of this relationship, which excludes, by itself, various aspects and elements, ignoring the infinite complexity of the issue. It will also be analyzed in this work some practices legitimized by the self-called human rights, which allow inhumane practices to be justified by the pursuit of some supposed humanitarian ideal.