This study analyzes the importance of financial education for the economic behavior of Brazilian population, examining how personal finance knowledge influences consumption, investment and indebtedness habits. Through quantitative research involving 80 respondents and secondary data from institutions such as the Central Bank of Brazil, ANBIMA, FEBRABAN and Serasa, the study found that Brazil s level of financial literacy remains low, although progress has been observed among groups with higher education and income levels. The results indicate that the lack of financial guidance contributes to overindebtedness and limits household savings capacity. It concludes that financial education is an essential tool for economic and social development, promoting autonomy, reducing vulnerability and encouraging long-term planning. The research reinforces the need for public policies and educational initiatives focused on financial learning from early schooling, as a path toward a more sustainable and financially balanced country.