The present research aims to perform an experimental investigation on the short and long-term flexural behavior of I-section textile reinforced concrete (TRC) beams. Four types of carbon fabric were used, differentiated by the mesh dimensions and yarn cross-section, as well as by the fabric coating. The samples were identified according to the name of the coating, being styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and SBR impregnated with sand (SND), acrylate (ACR) and epoxy (EPX) resin. Initially, four‐point bending tests were performed in I‐beams, considering SBR fabric and the following conditions: (a) plain cementitious matrix; (b) plain matrix and sand‐coated textile; and (c) strain hardening cement‐based composite (SHCC) matrix. The main goal was to correlate the improvements on interface and matrix properties with the crack pattern, failure mode and ductility. A theoretical method was used to evaluate the flexural behavior of the beams and good agreement was achieved with the experimental results. In the next step, the mechanical properties of different types of carbon-TRC and their interface were studied through direct tensile, pullout and compression tests. The influence of different test configurations and the effectiveness of the parameters obtained in these tests were verified for the performance prediction of TRC beams tested in bending in a monotonic way. The study was able to indicate the most suitable characterization methods to derive mechanical properties to be used in analytical methods, as well as to show the influence of different testing parameters on the load capacity of the composite. Finally, the long-term behavior of I-section beams reinforced with carbon fabric under sustained loading of 4 kN was investigated. An analytical model was used to analyze the results in terms of effective textile moduli, concrete tensile strength and the nominal bond stress. The model showed that SBR textile is strongly affected by sustained load. SND, ACR and EPX beams formed new cracks during creep and the reduction in effective modulus observed was not accompanied by increase in crack width. It was confirmed the great influence of adhesion between fabric and matrix on the load capacity of the composite, the decrease in matrix strength due to fabric incorporation, as well as the divergence of the conditions of composite characterization tests.