This research focuses on the process of educational internationalization from the perspective of a program designed to foster in-service education for Brazilian basic education English teachers. The researched program was Teachers Professional Development Program (PDPP in Portuguese). It was the result of partnerships between Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES/Brazil), Fulbright Commission (United States of America) and the Institute of Education, London (England), from 2010 to 2013. The research s main objective is to understand the aspects involved in an in-service education program, abroad and discontinuous, for public education English teachers, and its possible contributions to improvement of Brazilian education quality, as it is stated in the documents of the PDPP. The theoretical basis lies on authors who stress critical thinking, deconstruction of naturalized patterns, and question the hegemonic discourse on the benefits of the internationalization of education, like Knight (2014, 2004), Ortiz (2003, 1985), Santos (2007) and Taylor (2002). As far as methodology is concerned, it is a qualitative research, developed as a case study of the PDPP for English teachers, based on document analysis, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. There are also quantitative data obtained from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Lattes curricula site. Amongst the main findings are: (a) Brazil still lacks sound policies for initial education and professional development for basic education that sees to the many fundamental demands in the different geographic regions. This situation is reflected in the internationalization process focused on basic education; (b) the importance of the educational internationalization process for the country as a whole is undeniable and acknowledged. However, this process should be extended to all levels of education and all knowledge areas, not only to higher education and to the so called priority areas; (c) it should be acknowledged that an international education is complementary and not superior to the education given locally in the country; (d) international education public policies should be closely and rigorously followed up, including evaluation and transparency in their protocols and results, in consonance with the high investment made in programs of this nature; and (e) participating in the PDPP has brought many benefits to the individual participants. However, it cannot be so affirmed as far as the results at the level of the public policy itself are concerned, which indicates that an accountability transfer process has occurred from the institutional to the individual level. Despite the fact that the PDPP intended to promote access and opportunities to the educational internationalization to basic education teachers, in the end the program promoted access and opportunities for participants who were already highly qualified in comparison to the initial target public.