Although studies on family and its relationship with the school are not recent, the way this relationship is addressed has been reconfigured over recent decades. This study aims to give an overview on the relationship between school and family, analyzing how this issue emerges in the educational scene and has transformation scenario occurred in recent decades, among them the concept of children, relations within families and their own organization and, consequently, how the families relate to the school. There has also been gaining more visibility in sociological studies. The changes in this relationship are embedded in a social been a growing movement of consolidation of assessment and monitoring policies which provide instruments for implementing accountability policies. Combining quantitative and qualitative approaches (survey and focus groups), the research discusses the relationship betwen family and school in this new deployment context of accountability policies, developed from 2009 in the city of Rio de Janeiro, through information provided by the Ministry Education and Culture (MEC) through the National Institute of Educational Studies Teixeira (INEP) and supplemented with data collected from teachers and principals. The results indicate that although the discourse about the benefits of the partnership among school and Family is recurrent - especially for learning and consequent school longevity of students - the relationship is still permeated by perverse effects of a pseudo collaborative integration guided by relations of power asymmetric between school staff and families. The principals, in general, notice an approach of family and school in the recent times, but still predominates an insight about the parents as they were uninterested and distant from the educational process and little is said on how to revert this situation. Another aspect which turned out present was the importance that the territory has on relationships of families with school, since the charging of parents is present in a significant way in schools that are not near the slums. The research also shows that it is not enough families to be in school only as an occasional presence for meetings or to address discipline and poor school performance issues, but it is necessary to enhance their participation transforming it into commitment, engagement and, above all, co-responsibilization.