The proposal of this study is to discuss the outsourcing process of direct employees in Federal Public Service, observing the legal limits and features of this process. The knowledge of this process is very important for public institutions due to its impacts not only in the institutions budgets but in all of the institutions managements and goals. This work offers an analysis that compares the outsourcing´s costs of direct people to the cost of hire people that pass public service exams by a case study in the Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro – JBRJ. This analysis can be used in other institutions of the Federal Public Service too with a few adjustments. Also this study discusses the implementation of the competence-based management in JBRJ, a management tool that is used to improve the employee´s performance so that the lack of other employees won´t be so damaging if the outsourcing of direct employees becomes no longer avaiable in the Public Service.