This study intends to research the committees responsible for overseeing the alienated assistance during its consolidation process from 1902 to 1925. Our interest is to investigate how these commissions contributed to the changes in the way successive republican governments treat the question of madness, not only from medical knowledge, but also practical issues related to daily limits and responsibilities of its precepts. To do so, this study shall be based on the reports produced by inspection committees from the early years of the twentieth century, at which point the logic of public administration to provide more support from the precepts of science. Hence, the aim is to analyze, in its logic and its contradictions, the Republican government s attempt to control and regulate the alienist practice in Brazil.