This work aims to better understand the possible existence of a positive impact on the performance of companies correlated with the adoption of a strategy focused on socially responsible practices. For this, a typology was proposed and tested to generically rank a group of 21 companies in the banking sector as to the social investment model they had employed. After the companies had been classified within the typology proposed, the practical validation of the typology was analyzed by means of multivariate statistics. The possible existence of performance differences among the various groups within the different forms of social positioning, and also the group without any positioning, were also examined. The results of the research suggest a practical acceptance of the proposed typology, through the formation of non-empty strategic groups, for the proposed conceptual clusters. The lack of significant differences in performance was also investigated in the study, as much in the comparison between the groups within the typology, as in between these and the group without any positioning, with the utilization of the ROA (return on assets) and of the ROE (return on equity) as performance measurements. This suggests that for the banking sector sample utilized, the social positioning cannot yet be certified as a competitive advantage and as a determining factor for performance.