Traditional energy sources significantly contribute to environmental degradation and climate change, underscoring the need for innovative, energy-efficient solutions. This dissertation explores advancements in optoelectronic technologies as promising alternatives. The study is divided into two main applications: dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In the DSSC project, D-π-A chalcone-cored molecules with cyano-carboxylate and carboxylate as acceptor groups were synthesized, utilizing electron-rich aldehydes as donor precursors. These compounds exhibited intense, narrow absorption bands (322 to 429 nm) and blue to yellow emissions (431 to 579 nm) with moderate to large Stokes shifts. Solid-state testing showed broad UV to NIR absorption, excellent blue wavelength absorption, and effective anchoring onto TiO₂. Photovoltaic evaluation revealed short-circuit currents between 0.18 and 0.36 mA cm raised to (-2), open-circuit voltages from 0.52 to 0.56 V, and a maximum power conversion efficiency of 0.13 percent for the molecule with a diphenylamino donor group and cyano-carboxylate acceptor. In the OLED project, four novel aryloxy-benzothiadiazole and 2,6-diphenyl-dicyanopyridine derivatives were synthesized, featuring carbazole and triphenylamino donor units, aiming for potential emissive layers in OLEDs. These compounds demonstrated absorption bands in the visible region (around 346 and 438 nm), with dicyanopyridine derivatives showing positive solvatochromic shifts. Fluorescence spectroscopy indicated emission maxima from 461 to 697 nm and moderate to large Stokes shifts. Aggregation-induced emission studies revealed enhanced emission in the aggregated state. Cyclic voltammetry showed energy gaps from 2.09 to 2.43 eV, with the smallest energy gap observed in the triphenylamino-substituted aryloxy-BTD molecule. In the future, the most promising molecules will be applied in OLEDs.