While the impacts of human actions on the planet and climate change are increasingly present in our daily lives, it is possible to perceive inequalities in the distribution of the effects and damages caused by this unfriendly relationship between human beings and nature, with certain segments being more vulnerable and bearing the heaviest burden and losses. This is not occasional, often connecting with issues and ills already structured in the dynamics of society and overlapping with the legacy of marginalization and violence, in a way that perpetuate inefficiencies and feedback into injustices to their affected groups and territories. The specific focus given here is in the intersection between the debate on racism and environmental justice, carried out from the conceptual perspective of environmental racism, which also dialogues with discussions related to climate justice and notions such as the Foucaultian biopolitic and the Mbembian necropolitic. Due to the relevance of its debate and the occurrence of cases in the global and local spheres, the text seeks to establish relations between the theme and the influential Agenda for Sustainable Development, the 2030 Agenda, organized by the UN, tracing and identifying capabilities and limitations for the latter in not only promoting its coveted goals, but also its ability to connect and result in efforts to mitigate environmental racism. As a target for analysis, the text investigates some cases present in the city of Rio de Janeiro of environmental racism and how the Agenda items, the so-called SDGs, apply.