The beginning of Christian literature has been accompanied by the ideal of perfection through which people associated to Christianity found in the martyrdom the most noble motivations for their mystical communion with God. The argumentation built by both Christian Writers and famous Roman Rectors traces back to many common concepts, within a context that lacks references that overwhelmed the oldtestamentary mentions and the oral newtestamentary traditions as those that Jesus and his Apostles had taught. The call to virtue brought the one who needs to dialogue with pagans close to them in order to defend themselves at court. Perfection overstepped sociocultural limits of the high-educated men. Holiness reached universal status, democratized not by tough exigencies of a human capacity to overcome itself, but by the help God offers to him as source of all goods and all virtues. The thought of the Father of the Church about the universal call to holiness is to be updated as a proposal of textual analysis of the Sermon of the Mount.