Schemas are mental structures that organize information and influence cognitive processes such as attention and recall. Schemas that concern people themselves are called self-schemas. Information relevant to self-schemas can be more easily recalled. Thus, when people observe behaviors characteristic of their self-schema, they tend to recall this information to a greater degree. Thus, this research aimed to verify the relationships between personal personality traits and personality traits remembered by others. Participated in the research 4,488 people, 66.4 percent women and 33.6 percent men, with a mean age of 27.8 years (SD = 9.17). An experiment was carried out with two conditions in which people read a person s description and were later asked to recall that person s characteristics. The difference between the conditions was the gender of the person described. The results indicated that most of the effects found occurred in conditions in which the people s gender was compatible with the character s. For the extraversion and socialization factors, the effect of self-reference on recall was verified. In the condition where the participants read about a person of the same gender, it was found that a greater proportion of men who were low in extraversion recalled characteristics of extraversion; and a greater proportion of women high in the socialization factor recalled socialization characteristics. These findings allow us to conclude that, for complex contexts, the self-reference effect stands out for traits directly related to social interaction.