The objective of this dissertation is to draw a panorama of the aesthetic-political-pedagogical practices in Museu de Arte do Rio (MAR – Rio Art Museum) in a decolonial perspective. These practices, named as aesthetic-political-pedagogical, refer to the museum practices as a whole, that is, the actions endeavoured by the institution, from the curatorial aspects to the ones that belong strictly to the educational programme. By dealing with aesthetic practices, the present study assumes the aesthetic as an epistemological field, by defining these practices as political, it highlights the critical and activist role of art and education and, by interpreting such practices as pedagogical, it understands the museum as a non-formal education setting. The research used as a methodology the bibliographic and documentary analysis of the material produced by and about the museum. From the outlined panorama, it is possible to verify that this museum swims against the tide because it finds cracks in a hegemonic project, carrying out a project that can be perceived in some respects as a decolonial pedagogy practice, once it presents alternatives to the modernity/ coloniality project, to the official history of Rio de Janeiro city and to the traditional ways of constructing knowledge.