Sociocultural transformations in the West have profoundly influenced the contemporary family. Changes in the role of women and their shift to the professional environment meant that care provided to young children was shared by other caregivers, such as nannies. The objective of the research was to identify childcare practices and beliefs carried by mothers and nannies form nuclear families, and thus compare these findings. The qualitative study interviewed 15 pairs of mothers and nannies, with children up to three years old. The families lived in the south of Rio de Janeiro. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, containing nine questions, in addition to the five images referring to Keller s parental systems (2005). Most mothers had higher education, while nannies, incomplete elementary school to complete high school. The results showed that mothers and nannies established similar orders for the figures of parental care systems. Another finding identified 12 common categories referring to the practice of child care performed by mothers and nannies. Most caregivers reported the transmission of personal beliefs to children from interaction and care practice. The paper concluded that caregivers beliefs and practices are fundamental to early child development.