Railways, as a means of passenger transportation that is so popular and accessible in various parts of the world, were already widely explored in Brazil in the 19th and 20th centuries, but nowadays they have practically extinguished in the country, where the automotive industry vastly prevails. With a population of 208 million Brazilians, the low incidence of rail transport compromises the efficiency and competitiveness of economic activities, generating the so-called sacrificed production and increasing the Brazil cost, including traffic accidents, with costly consequences for the public finance. Since 1988, with the new Constitution, the phenomenon of the geopolitical vacuum of public power has been observed, providing a wide scope for private initiative in territorial control and management, generating opposing and contradictory effects, characterizing the so-called organizational paradox. Thus, the research had as objective to verify the main obstacles of the management and the reasons of conflicts of interest for the activation of the railway system of passangers in the section Macaé-Campos, in light of the Project of EF-118 and other aggravating factors. Regional rail mobility was analyzed, not only as a possible alternative of mass transport, but as a vector of development, capable of boosting new processes of territorial organization and of technological and economic development, enlarging the visions and challenges of medium and long-term, mainly from the point of view of regional public management for the state of Rio de Janeiro.