The relation that man establishes with the natural space since the need to occupy and humanize the territory in Brazil, during the historical process, certainly involves conflicting or even opposed perceptions. From a mapping of the intricate relation between nature and artifice in the constitution of Brazilian landscapes, taking as mainly reference the cultural environment of Rio de Janeiro city since the first occupations until the twentieth century, this work seeks to generate a reflection and questioning about the construction of a modern spatiality, characterized by a complex and organic dependency between architecture and environment, capable of fade their limits and boundaries, deconstructing the old rigid dichotomy between fields, and proposing to think nature, architecture, landscape, city, as new disciplinary fields of hybrid character.