This dissertation aims to discuss the presence of Sociology in Brazilian schools from three different perspectives: its arrival, its implementation process and the possibilities it offers. Firstly, through examining the institutionalization of the social sciences in the country and its relation to the law 11.684 from 2008, which established Sociology as an obligatory class in high schools. Secondly, the transformation of this effort into the development of curriculum and assessment programs nationwide, as well as assessment results from three different states that allow a discussion about student learning in this discipline. At last, regarding the assessment results, a debate is drawn about the purposes of the presence of a Sociology class in school level, more specifically its possibility to contribute to civic literacy. The general hypothesis is that students are having difficulty learning contents that are farther from the common sense that surrounds them. That means they are learning contents that are already present in their day-to-day lives, contents that have been already sociologized.