Starting from the governmentality perspective, which conceives power relations as the conduct of conduct, we have tried to investigate the neoliberal governmental rationality and their techniques of government, specially the risk apparatus and their technologies. We started from the assumption that the importance and effectiveness of this apparatus is due to the affinity between the economical neoliberal rationality and the calculative risk rationality. In this thesis we also investigate the new subjective form, which was produced by neoliberalism through their politics and practices – the human capital, which defines and shapes the neoliberal subject, an entrepreneur of himself. Furthermore, we have pointed out in a much general manner some possibilities of resistance to the neoliberals rationalities and government.