Based on the assumption that translation is a discursive practice involving ideological and singular formations of the subject who translates, this thesis proposes a reflection on the way that the translator as a subject responds to his/her constitution as ideological subjects, in a process considered as a ritual that admits equivocalness. The work is developed at the point where Translation Studies — more specifically works by Venuti and Frota — meet the theoretical view, known as French Discourse Analysis, conceived by Michel Pêcheux, later developed in Brazil by Orlandi, Mariani, Ferreira, Indursky and Mittmann, among others. Some concepts were chosen among several others in the theoretical background: subject, discourse, language, heterogeneous discursive formation, identification, counter-identification and dis-identification. The three latter concepts are more closely related to the repetition of well established discourses (denominated assimilation in this thesis), and to the processes of settling and strengthening of dissident discourses (herein denominated resistance). The analytical device was concocted to investigate the writer/publisher/translator Monteiro Lobato’s ideological-discursive affiliations in their relationships to his thoughts and translating practices. The discursive corpus was clipped out from letters, prefaces, postscripts, interviews, articles and conferences published in Obras completas de Monteiro Lobato and from his translation of three books: Caninos brancos (1933, White Fang), Por quem os sinos dobram (1941, For Whom the Bell Tolls) e Adeus às armas (1942, A Farewell to Arms). By analyzing the discursive sequences, tension in the subject constitution process is observed, characterizing the contradicting aspects between subject and discourse. The investigation of processes in which the Lobato-subject takes position in the discursive diffusion also leads to the perception that the subject’s (un)known ideological affiliations are motivated by/in the relation between the historicity of discourse and the singularity of the subject.