Increasing pollution in large urban centers has forced the demand for new equipment capable of making a correct sampling of the particles suspended in the air. These particles are of particular attention because they cause damage to our health. Particles smaller than 10um are considered respirable, and the size smaller than 3um are considered respirable, reaching the alveolar region of the lungs. In seeking to reduce the effects of pollution, it is necessary to monitor the physical characteristics of aerosols (size and concentration). However, the procedures for calibration of aerosol are poorly defined, without formal instruction and documentation. In order to provide an environment with controlled and uniform flow, we constructed a calibration chamber aerosol, with atmospheric pressure around 1atm and air velocity ranging between 1.1cm/s to 3.1 cm/s for evaluation of samplers aerosol. This chamber is large enough to accommodate multiple instruments simultaneously, having a test section area relatively wide (approximately 1.0m2) at a concentration of aerosol controllable. This research proposes a methodology for calibration of atmospheric samplers in general and in particular of cascade impactors. It adopts the methodology of calculation of measurement uncertainty according to the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement and uses terminology backed Vocabulary international General Terms and Fundamental Metrology. Using Metrology as a science, to solve problems arising from the Aerosol Measurement.