This dissertation s focus is the theater interventions as a mean to recognize the forms, contents and importance of social resistance of subaltern groups, a perspective already tried by the Social Work area in the past. The experience under discussion is a set of workshops undertook by the Theater of the Oppressed at the village of Caieiras Velhas, Aracruz County, Espírito Santo Estate, Brazil, between 2006 and 2011, with the participation of the author. This work begins with the suggestion of the Phoenix Myth as a symbolic representation of the social resistance of the Tupiniquim People, natives of that territory. The theoretical appropriations start with considerations about subalternity based on the works of James Scott, Gayatry C. Spivak and Antônio Gramsci. The methodological aspects of the research are described and discussed in the lights of the Theater of the Oppressed methodology, cross relating its five stages of exercises and games with the adopted theoretical concepts, to describe the subjects, their place and their cultural sense of belonging at Caieiras Velhas. The first theoretical category adopted is identity, approached through the works of Manuela Carneiro da Cunha, Manuel Castells, Stuart Hall and Zygmunt Bauman. The second one is place/territoriality, and therefore – territory – based on the discussions of Yi Fu Tuan, Milton Santos, Rogério Haesbaert and Claude Raffestin. The third and last theoretical category is social resistance, with focus on James Scott s conceptions. The fourth category is memory/experience from Ecléa Bosi, Carlos Rodrigues Brandão and Walter Benjamin. The structure of the text begins with a description of the Tupiniquins within their own territory. The themes that organize the next chapters were extracted from the workshops of the Theater of the Oppressed occurred in Caieiras Velhas. From an anthropological point of view, this work discusses the theater of power in the village by using the methodology of the Theatre of the Oppressed. This work has emphasis on women s territory, in order to deepen their knowledge of current forms of resistance to domination.