The dissertation discusses the relationship between identities, the social construction of gender and the perpetration of violence in cases of genocides. The main purpose is to comprehend how gender-based violence (GBV) occurs in these dynamics, focusing on the crimes currently perpetrated in Darfur (Sudan). It is argued that the social construction of gender interacts with the perpetrator’s perception and actions by constituting different patterns of violence in genocidal warfare. Therefore, the research shows how different patterns of GBV (such as sexual violence and sex-selective massacres) are authorized as a result of the interaction between the image of groups considered as enemies and the existing gendered roles and expectations. In that sense, the academic contributions of the literature on gender and genocide developed by authors such as Adam Jones and Charli Carpenter are crucial for this work. Since the occurrence of genocide is based on the construction of a radical alterity, the research also benefits from the theoretical work of Lene Hansen and David Campbell. These contributions allow us to contemplate the change in identities and the authorization of violence in specific political contexts. Based on the above-mentioned theoretical reflections, this dissertation will analyze how gendered identities are articulated with the identity of the other during episodes of genocide. In sum, the present work emphasizes the need to assess the occurrence of GBV by overcoming the blind spots in feminist theories in order to acknowledge how gender constructions can represent a threat to both women and men in these scenarios.