This research analyzes the historical context surrounding the creation and implementation of the secondary-level adult education program (supletivo) offered by Colégio Santo Inácio in Rio de Janeiro—a philanthropic institution within the Jesuit educational network—during Brazil s civil-military dictatorship (1968 1973). The program was aimed at serving young people and adults from the late 1960s through the early 1970s. To understand the establishment of the evening course, the study draws on archival records from the school, documents from the National Archives Memórias collection, and digitized periodicals from the Digital Newspaper Library. The methodology employed is historical research with a qualitative and documentary focus, grounded in Luiz Antônio Cunha s concepts of containment and liberation, particularly as articulated in Chapter Five of Educação e Desenvolvimento Social no Brasil. The findings highlight the central role played by Father Antônio Carlos de Almeida Angelim, who viewed the provision of secondary education to underserved populations as an act of resistance against an exclusionary educational policy that marginalized large sectors of Brazilian society. Through this night school, the institution sought to combine theological reflection with social action. As a result, both the school and its members were subjected to military surveillance. Father Angelim was monitored, summoned to testify at the Department of Political and Social Order (DOPS), and arrested on school premises in 1971. This thesis seeks to contribute to the field of History of Education, particularly the History of Youth and Adult Education (EJA), by offering insights that support critical reflection on its current role in the Brazilian educational landscape.