This research has as its theme The Church, a people gathered by God for his Kingdom: a comparative study between Gerhard Lohfink and Joseph Ratzinger. It is part of the research activities of the Postgraduate Program in Theology at PUC-Rio, in the area of concentration Systematic-Pastoral Theology, research line Faith and Culture, research project The Theology of Joseph Ratzinger and the Magisterium of Benedict XVI. In fact, the problem explored here is situated among the great themes of the ecclesiological framework and, with this thematic formulation, we fundamentally intend the following: explore both the understanding of the meaning of Jesus proclamation of the Kingdom of God, which emerges from the thought of Gerhard Lohfink and Joseph Ratzinger, in the context of recent research on Jesus, as well as the hermeneutics - foundations and principles, development of reflections and theological implications - elaborated by these authors, with regard to the content of Jesus message, paying particular attention to the way they interpret the relationship between the Kingdom of God and the Church; to highlight, by comparing the results obtained during the research, some common aspects of Gerhard Lohfink s thinking - in the context of research on the historical Jesus and, more specifically, on his proclamation of the Kingdom of God in its relationship with the Church - with Joseph Ratzinger s understanding of the theme; to identify consequences and implications of the theme for different areas of theology; and to delve into questions of theology; and deepen issues related to the topic, especially in relation to Christology, ecclesiology and pastoral care, for example, with some emphasis on the relationship of the topic with ecclesial synodality, ecumenism and interreligious dialogue.