The objective of this project is to elaborate the dynamics of operating a family business presenting current sources and an understanding of the Brazilian family business landscape. Also, through the presentation of a case study on a medium-sized family business based in Rio de Janeiro we will be able to understand how the business navigates in this environment. In addition, by utilizing theory-based concepts we will identify the peculiarities and challenges surrounding these kinds of businesses, which involves family relationships and legal contracts in the same environment. Finally, some distinctive characteristics of a family business are stewardship and the family values instilled in the business, its organizational culture. The sense of responsibility of the owner in protecting the business as an asset for future generations and heritage of its values create some challenges englobing different aspects such as family conflicts, the need to prepare family members in the transition to ownership and mitigate the impact risks of this transition.