Nowadays China faces the challenges of its large economy: the scarcity of resources and the need to expand their markets – the result of its thirty years of economic development. Within this logic, Chinese companies, mostly state-owned and recently permitted to act abroad, begin to establish business in different parts of the world. The permanence of specific political circumstances determines the formulation of strategies and how these businesses operate in foreign markets. This work will review the recent Chinese incursions business in Angola - one of the fastest-growing markets in Africa, especially in the energy and infrastructure sectors - and the specificities and challenges that these companies pose to the performance of its Western competitors, particularly the Brazilian ones.