The research for effective methods to increase the efficiency of oil recovery has had wide interest in the scientific community. In this context, microcapsules coated by a layer of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are fulfilling very positively such role, being the focus of study of this thesis. The flow of the aqueous phase in porous medium has a preferred path in which the fluid flows, in the petroleum industry it would not be different. Thus, the performance of the PDMS microcapsules consists of flowing along with a certain fluid into the pores of the rocks where the oil is found, clogging them, causing an increase in pressure inside them and forcing the injected fluid to flow through a different trajectory from its preferred flow path. In this way, this fluid flows along other routes, not previously traveled, removing the oil that would be deposited there before unattainable. Therefore, the amount of oil extracted using the PDMS microcapsules would be greater than the amount extracted in conventional procedures without the use thereof. The following study deals with a four-week analysis of the shape and mechanical behavior of such microcapsules under conditions that approximate real applications, ie in saline, acidic and basic environments.