Airports are a basic infrastructure asset for any city of the importance of Rio de Janeiro. It is not only important to the city, as well as to the state and the country as a whole. Due to the urge of improving the national infrastructure to upgrade competitiveness, security, safety and to prepare for the 2016 Olympics, The international airport of Rio de Janeiro was granted to the private sector. To guarantee its capacity to process cargo and passengers, the airport must be well maintained. With this in mind, maintenance comes as a fundamental issue to ascertain the good conditions of operation in the airport. Since this area is so crucial for the asset, it must been seen as so in a point of view of the business as a whole, and not only as a necessary cost. This study will develop each step of how to structure a management of maintenance based on the condition, proving the benefits of it with qualitative and quantitative data from RIOgaleão, after the privatization. The basis of the work is on the maintenance literature, international norms and the knowledge acquired by the author through more than three years of experience in the area. Each step will be detailed, criticized and measured so in the end you will be able to see the benefits of structuring the maintenance area based on conditions.