The objective of this work was to analyze and understand the structure of the jewelry industry in Rio de Janeiro State, aiming to understand market and exports financing policies. Furthermore, the study had the purpose of understanding the effects of world financial crisis on this sector. Thus, a qualitative methodology was used, in which books, web sites and scientific articles were researched. Later, structured interviews with owners and directors of enterprises from the sector were made and a content analysis and cost simulations were carried out.