In national institutes of metrology, for the high precision measurement of inductance special circuits are used, developed and constructed by the laboratories themselves. This dissertation for a master degree describes the development and realisation of a new Maxwell-Wien bridge that is used for the standardisation and dissemination of the unit of inductance in the National Institute of Metrology, Standardization and Industrial Quality - INMETRO. In the theoretical part of this work the concept of the complex error is introduced and, using this generalised method, the errors of measurement circuits as well as the effects of internal and external stray impedance are analysed. Methods of compensation to minimise these errors are also treated. In the practical part of the dissertation, starting from the characteristics of standard inductors, the most known arrangements of Maxwell-Wien bridges are studied. The innovative concepts to develop a new bridge of non-traditional structure, the methods applied and the realised construction are described in details. The work is completed by a computer program to evaluate measurement data, developed in language C, in the environment of LabWindows/CVI, (C for Virtual Instrumentation, product of National Instruments). The results of systematic calibrations and that of international comparisons are resumed, proving that, in spite of simple solutions and methods, the new bridge is offering high accuracy and repeatability, attaining the performance of the bridges of primary laboratories.