Modernity and Modernism in Luiz Edmundo´s memoire has as principal object to show how a writer that was born in Rio de Janeiro, named Luiz Edmundo, in 1878, thinks about the historical process which was responsible for the colonial image of the city of Rio de Janeiro in his days of youth. In those days, working as a reporter and going to places in the town when most of the young people went for discuss about the most modern literature´s tendencies, Luiz Edmundo develops a way to understand the modern days and how his generation should act socially for embrace the cause of de Modernity in Rio de Janeiro. As principal concepts, the presented work talks about life and literature, Rio de Janeiro city before and after it´s modernization process and what for the author means being a modern man and a cosmopolitan.