The objective of the present thesis was to contribute to the understanding of psychosomatics manifestations in infancy, exemplified by respiratory allergic diseases. Winnicot`s theory about the primitive emotional development was used as the main theoretical tool. At first we discussed the contributions of psychoanalytic psychosomatic authors, beginning with Pierre Marty`s theoretical model to the literature concerning infancy, and also Winnicott´s concepts about mother-child relationship. The research used the Winnicott`s conception of primary maternal preoccupation, focusing the mother`s active adaptation, and showed the existence of a relation between failures in the maternal adaptation and the child`s psychosomatic allergic manifestation.