The treatment of female users of alcohol and other drugs has become a subject of growing interest of experts and researchers since de 1980s. This dissertation focuses the issue of the assistance dedicated to these women in two public treatment centers in Rio de Janeiro state. The analysis is based on the notion of gender and on the concept of gender violence, extracted from the debate established on Social Sciences - once the historically predominant trend rises from a more biological and psychological vision. Its aim is qualifying if there is an specificity in the kind of care those women are offered, as well as establishing possible relations between treatment places and the issue of replication of gender violence. In a critical proposal, it intends to stimulate those interested in this issue to question the basis of the assistance offered to those women an to point out probable ways to a more effective care, that includes in it gender singularity.