Debates on reproduction have been shaped by the enduring paradox between the liberal democratic approach, which views reproductive rights as essential for the citizenship of those who seek abortions—represented by reproductive autonomy and strongly marked by human rights principles—and the biopolitical perspective, which posits that reproductive rights, when implemented, are affected by power relations that directly or indirectly influence women s reproductive decisions, thereby rendering reproductive autonomy impossible within a system marked by gendered biopolitics. This thesis aims to understand the articulation processes among intersecting power relations (Collins, 2022) that permeate this paradox, contributing to the debate on the subject within International Relations. To this end, it offers a critique of constructivist and post-structuralist theoretical approaches in the discipline that neglect reproduction as a central axis of power relations in the international system, as well as of liberal feminism, which marginalizes the reproductive experiences of racialized women. The thesis demonstrates how Brazilian women s activism and demands for reproductive rights provide possible pathways to understand the everyday manifestations of the reproduction paradox. To achieve this, an intersectional analysis of reproductive experiences among women in Brazil is employed to understand how power systems intersect and organize, influencing women s reproductive choices, and to identify responsive resistance strategies against the social injustices