Ultralight bamboo structures with flexible joints are a novel development committed to sustainability in Civil Engineering. A self-supporting constructive system using bamboo culms joined by textile ropes and biocomposites was designed, fabricated, and analyzed in the scope of this thesis. A multi-scale experimental program, considering material, element, joint, and structural system levels, was carried out as follows: (1) the anatomy of the bamboo culm was analyzed through Optical Microscopy and Digital Image Processing to select its most representative portion, (2) the elastic properties of bamboo and textile ropes were investigated through short-term static tests, (3) the creep behavior of bamboo culms under long-term bending loadings was studied and described through a 398- day test considering different loading levels, (4) the behavior of the main flexible joint was mechanically described, and, finally, (5) an experimental prototype in a 1:3 scale subjected to 43-day static tests allowed to predict the mechanical behavior of self-supporting space frames under symmetric and asymmetric sustained loadings until reaching collapse. A computer model to attain the behavior described by the physical model was developed. The results demonstrate the potential of the constructive system for its application in engineering structures, providing scientific and technical data for disseminating ultralight bamboo structures in the building industry, showing their strengths, aspects to be corrected, and recommendations for improvement and further development. The creep behavior of bamboo beams was evaluated through experimental and analytical viscoelastic models. The main flexible joint proposed proved to be suitable for designing contemporary bamboo structures and avoiding using steel as joining material, adding the concept of biodegradability of the joints as an urgent matter for sustainable engineering structures. The developed joint can be dimensioned and controlled by displacements applied to textile ropes. The tested prototype showed that the ultralight bamboo structure supports static loads 7 times greater than its self-weight in service, demonstrating a stable and symmetrical nonlinear behavior despite the large displacements observed.