The objective of this dissertation is to analyze metrologically the application of piezoelectric accelerometers in the measurement of flow rate in the oil industry. The motivation of this work is to analyze a technique of flow measurement, recently developed, based on the vibration captured by an accelerometer attached to the pipe surface. The methodology of this study consists of performing an experimental study to obtain data in an accredited laboratory for calibration of flowmeters, estimating a flow rate for each vibration measured accompanied by an uncertainty analysis. The results do not conform to acceptable limits from the viewpoint of the regulation for application in flow measurement in the oil industry, in that refers to the fiscal metering and to the measurement for appropriation, in accordance with the Technical Rules of Measurement of Petroleum and Natural Gas (RTM). However, the use of accelerometers still can be useful to measure flow rates in the oil industry, despite the uncertainty being not suitable for the current regulation of the sector, because it can be adopted in the operational measurement of water flow, without interfering in the installation, so being non-invasive and non-intrusive.