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Estatística
Título: ENERGY EVALUATION OF BUILDING INTEGRATED ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS IN BRAZIL
Autor: ANNA CAROLINA PERES SUZANO E SILVA
Colaborador(es): RODRIGO FLORA CALILI - Orientador
Catalogação: 30/SET/2021 Língua(s): PORTUGUESE - BRAZIL
Tipo: TEXT Subtipo: THESIS
Notas: [pt] Todos os dados constantes dos documentos são de inteira responsabilidade de seus autores. Os dados utilizados nas descrições dos documentos estão em conformidade com os sistemas da administração da PUC-Rio.
[en] All data contained in the documents are the sole responsibility of the authors. The data used in the descriptions of the documents are in conformity with the systems of the administration of PUC-Rio.
Referência(s): [pt] https://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/projetosEspeciais/ETDs/consultas/conteudo.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=55120&idi=1
[en] https://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/projetosEspeciais/ETDs/consultas/conteudo.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=55120&idi=2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17771/PUCRio.acad.55120
Resumo:
In a global context where climate change has been in evidence, research related to technologies which aim to reduce the damages caused by global warming have been increasing. Since energy is the engine to sustainable economic development, it is considered a key element to reach the goals set by the Paris Climate Agreement. The strategies to manage energy in a sustainable way can be divided in two fields: using clean energy, rather than fossil fuels like coal; and by reducing the energy demanded by consumers. In Brazil, buildings are responsible for 50.5 percent of the energy demand (Lira et al., 2019) and when analyzing commercial buildings, it is stated that HVAC systems take up to 40.3 percent of all the energy consumed (PROCEL, 2008). Such number is expected to increase up to three times until 2050 and is considered one of the blind spots of energy efficiency policies (IEA, 2018). Although Brazil has national energy efficiency policies, such as the Technical Quality Regulation for the Buildings Energy Efficiency Level – RTQ (acronym for the Portuguese term Regulamento Técnico da Qualidade para o Nível de Eficiência Energética de Edificações) the use of HVAC systems and its energy demand is not emphasized and newer technologies such as solar energy are considered a bonus. Such gap is because the RTQ was first published in 2010, while the generation of photovoltaic energy was only regulated in 2012. Photovoltaic energy has a remarkable potential in Brazil, especially in the north and northeast regions due to its high irradiation levels (INPE, 2017). In on-grid systems, it is possible to lend the exceeded energy generated and have its compensation in a 1:1 proportion when needed, which not only reduces system losses, but also is able to increase the number of photovoltaic facilities. Another possibility is the partition of the energy generated by a photovoltaic system between multiple people in the same building which had consequently the incentive of building integrated photovoltaics. Building integrated photovoltaics, also known as BIPV, can be defined as the substitution of an element of the building envelope by another with photovoltaic cells. Recent studies have shown that building integrated photovoltaics are not only capable of generating energy, but due to thermal properties of solar cells compared to regular materials, there is also a reduction in HVAC demand, especially air-conditioning. Photovoltaic cells are usually integrated in windows, but can also be used in skylights, curtainwalls, shading devices and walls (Eisenschmid, 2008). Such variety is possible due to the development of new technologies, which are lighter and semi-transparent (Lynn, Mohanty and Wittkopf, 2012). One example is organic photovoltaic cells (OPV), which Brazil is one of the leading producers worldwide. Therefore, it is a technology with a considerable potential in the country not only due to its availability but also of skilled labor for installation and maintenance.
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