The First Baptist Church of Rio de Janeiro was founded in August 1884 through the missionary efforts of Pastor William Buck Bagby. Set up on Rua do Santana (central region of the former federal capital), in 1928 this religious community was transferred to Rua Frei Caneca, near the current Morro do São Carlos. This change brought direct impacts to its composition. From the second half of the 1920s onwards, it was possible to see, with greater intensity, the entry of poor immigrants, seamstresses, workers, blacks and domestic workers into the ranks of the church. Certainly, this new space enabled a greater relationship between the community and the subordinate classes. However, this transfer was succeeded by another phenomenon: a significant increase in the application of disciplinary proceedings. Starting from this point, our dissertation aims to investigate the causes and meanings of these institutional control mechanisms. We understand that these practices signaled what the Baptists saw as a standard of conduct and what was denied, repressed and rejected by the group. Thus, we see that, through these dynamics, it is possible to investigate the elaborations of Baptist identities in Rio de Janeiro. This is the central objective that the present work aims to achieve.