This Thesis aims to develop a system for magnetic field measurement with high sensitivity and resolution, based on the impedance phase characteristics of sensors that have the GMI effect and the performance characteristics optimization through closed-loop configurations. The methodology starts with the experimental evaluation of the phase characteristics of the impedance in samples of different chemical composition and structure as a function of the external magnetic field in order to select those with high sensitivity, low hysteresis, and higher homogeneity. Subsequently, theoretical-computational assessments of magnetic transducers in open and closed-loop (magnetometer and gradiometer) are carried out. Likewise, the main characteristics of the circuits and software controllers of the developed transducers are detailed throughout the text. In turn, the main figures of merit of the developed prototypes are analyzed in detail, such as sensitivity, linearity, frequency response, noise spectral density, and resolution. The characterizations and experimental tests carried out showed the great potential of GMI transducers in a closed-loop configuration for attenuation of interference 1/f, improving linearity and expanding the operating range. The closed-loop GMI magnetometer showed a sensitivity of around 75.8 mV/microteslas, a full-scale range greater than plus or minus 40 microteslas, a pass band of 45 Hz and a resolution in the pass band of 27.74 nT. On the other hand, the GMI closed-loop gradiometer developed had a sensitivity of around 102 mV/microteslas, a full scale greater than plus or minus 40 microteslas, a passband of 30 Hz and a resolution in the pass band of 28.41 nT.