In this work, I study public banks role in implementing Conditional Cash Transfer Programs (CCTs). Using an entry model with heterogeneous firms inspired by Bresnahan and Reiss (1991), I can determine how the Bolsa Família program in Brazil impacts Caixa Econômica Federal and other bank s decisions differently. I also evaluate whether beneficiaries are able to effectively access the Bolsa Família program when there is no financial institution in their municipality. Exploiting variation in bank coverage following a Central Bank resolution, I also find that fewer benefits are withdrawn in municipalities without a bank, causing involuntary cancellations of the program. The results suggest that bank coverage is a relevant aspect of the implementation of cash transfer policies and that public banks can be effective in simultaneously improving access to public policies and financial services.