This work is a study on the controversy surrounding the expression zero raised to zero. As the objective of contextualizing the main focus of the work is presented a historical journey on the issues that support this controversy since the eighteenth century with Leonhard Euler until today. The text contains analyzes exemplified in different contexts about expression and presents different methods for the potentiation operation that is strictly related to the exposed conflict. It also shows various solutions obtained for the value of the expression 0 (0) by mathematical software and exposes possible methods of theoretical approaches that support the solutions that characterize the controversy. At the end, an analysis is made of how some Brazilian textbooks approach this expression. The objective of this study and the reflections contained in this work is to allow readers, students and teachers, to see that mathematics is rich in details and that the value of a simple arithmetic operation may not have a single answer if the context is not well defined.